Brazilian Society of Otology task force - Otosclerosis: evaluation and treatment

Abstract Objectives: To review and provide evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of otosclerosis. Methods: Task force members were educated on knowledge synthesis methods, including electronic database search, review and selection of relevant citations, and critical appraisal of selected studies. Articles written in English or Portuguese on otosclerosis were eligible for inclusion. The American College of Physicians' guideline grading system and the American Thyroid Association's guideline criteria were used for critical appraisal of evidence and recommendations for therapeutic interventions. Results: The topics were divided into 2 parts: 1) Diagnosis - audiologic and radiologic; 2) Treatment - hearing AIDS, pharmacological therapy, stapes surgery, and implantable devices - bone-anchored devices, active middle ear implants, and Cochlear Implants (CI). Conclusions: The pathophysiology of otosclerosis has not yet been fully elucidated, but environmental factors and unidentified genes are likely to play a significant role in it. Women with otosclerosis are not at increased risk of worsening clinical condition due to the use of contraceptives or during pregnancy. Drug treatment has shown little benefit. If the patient does not want to undergo stapedotomy, the use of hearing aids is well indicated. Implantable systems should be indicated only in rare cases, and the CI should be indicated in cases of profound deafness.

Brazilian Society of Otology task force - Otosclerosis: evaluation and treatment.

OBJECTIVES: To review and provide evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of otosclerosis. METHODS: Task force members were educated on knowledge synthesis methods, including electronic database search, review and selection of relevant citations, and critical appraisal of selected studies. Articles written in English or Portuguese on otosclerosis were eligible for inclusion. The American College of Physicians' guideline grading system and the American Thyroid Association's guideline criteria were used for critical appraisal of evidence and recommendations for therapeutic interventions. RESULTS: The topics were divided into 2 parts: 1) Diagnosis - audiologic and radiologic; 2) Treatment - hearing AIDS, pharmacological therapy, stapes surgery, and implantable devices - bone-anchored devices, active middle ear implants, and Cochlear Implants (CI). CONCLUSIONS: The pathophysiology of otosclerosis has not yet been fully elucidated, but environmental factors and unidentified genes are likely to play a significant role in it. Women with otosclerosis are not at increased risk of worsening clinical condition due to the use of contraceptives or during pregnancy. Drug treatment has shown little benefit. If the patient does not want to undergo stapedotomy, the use of hearing aids is well indicated. Implantable systems should be indicated only in rare cases, and the CI should be indicated in cases of profound deafness.

Bilateral facial paralysis secondary to temporal bone trauma: A case report and literature review.

When temporal bone fractures are associated with facial palsy (FP) evolution the medical team have no much time to make a decision: to do or not to do a surgical approach? How to evaluate the necessity? When to do it and when is the correct time?

Panorama atual do sarampo no mundo: Risco de surtos nos grandes eventos no Brasil / Current landscape of measles in the world: risk of outbreaks in major events in Brazil

O sarampo é considerado uma das doenças infecciosas mais contagiosas do mundo (1), capaz de atingir todos os grupos etários, com risco particular em menores de cinco e naqueles entre 15 e 29 anos de idade (2), sendo uma das principais causas de morte evitáveis por vacina entre crianças (3). Frente aos recentes surtos de sarampo ocorridos no mundo, estaria o Brasil, que desde 2000 conseguiu eliminar a circulação do sarampo e na atualidade vem lidando apenas com surtos de pequena monta de casos importados, sob risco de grandes surtos durante a Copa do Mundo de 2014 e as Olimpíadas de 2016? Através de análises dos últimos surtos ocorridos em todo o mundo e pesquisa da cobertura vacinal no Brasil, os autores respondem a estas questões.

Measles is considered one of the most contagious diseases in the world (1). It’s able to reach all of age groups with particular risk in under five and 15-29 years old (2). It’s one of the main causes for evitable deaths for vaccine between children (3). According to recents measles outbreaks occurred in the world, Brazil is included in it, since 2000 has eliminated measles circulation and actually has been dealing with outbreaks of little dimension of imported cases, at risk of large outbreak during the World Cup 2014 and The Olympics Games 2016? Through analysis of the latest outbreaks ocurred all over the world and research of vaccine coverage in Brazil, the authors will answer to these questions.